Today we are seeing a growing number of designers embrace the shift towards a circular economy. For many this starts with reimagining products and services in a way that eliminates waste and supports a more regenerative relationship with nature. But as some of us come to find out, having a good idea and translating it into real and lasting impact are two very different things. What could creatives do to help turn their circular design into a thriving enterprise?
Last week, we posed this question to Manon Klein, who is the director of Impact Hub Amsterdam. As part of the global Impact Hub network—with more than 24,000 members in over 100 cities—Impact Hub Amsterdam has helped thousands of changemakers and innovators to start and scale their sustainable business. In this, circularity is an important topic. ‘We think all new businesses should take a circular perspective from the start,’ explains Manon, who also helped to co-create the development programme for the winners of our No Waste Challenge. Below, she shares some valuable insights on how to make sure your design is both future-proof and investment-ready.
Brainstorming at the No Waste Challenge bootcamp. Photo by Leo Veger.
1. Check the ‘R-ladder’.
When it comes to closing the loop, one of the most common mistakes that people make is to equate circularity with recycling. This is why Manon’s first tip is to consider what other approaches may be more impactful. ‘Recycling materials isn’t necessarily a sustainable solution,’ she says. ‘Recycling can be very energy intensive, while reuse can be more effective. Often, materials are also reused in a way that doesn’t make them recyclable again.’
To avoid doing more harm than good, Manon advises designers to use the ‘R-ladder’ as a reference. This diagram can be used to rank and prioritise strategies towards a circular economy. Generally, strategies higher up on the ladder (such as those for rethink, reuse and repair) require fewer resources, and therefore are more sustainable in the long run. While working on your solution, check it often, check it early—and as Manon says: ‘Strive for the ‘highest R’ on the ladder.’
2. Map your value chain.
Next, it’s time to add some systems thinking into the mix, and get to know the ins and outs of the value chain that you are active in. ‘It’s nearly impossible for a company to be circular on its own, like an island,’ Manon points out. ‘You need to collaborate with others in the value chain, for the materials, for the distribution or capture, for finance, for navigating regulations, etc.’ Involving all these stakeholders right from the start will allow you to recognise more opportunities and maximise your impact. It will also help to accelerate change for others in your industry.
‘It’s nearly impossible for a company to be circular on its own, like an island.
You need to collaborate with others.’
3. Consider ownership.
This is another aspect of circular business that is sometimes overlooked. Manon explains: ‘Ownership here doesn’t only refer to the IP, or the ownership of a company, but also the ownership of materials and products. For example, if you use waste streams coming from companies or households; who owns this waste material? Can you always have access to these waste streams, also in the future? What are the regulations about using them?’ The answers to these questions are essential in making sure your solution is not only scalable but also resilient.
Of course, ownership is also interesting to explore as a tenet of the sharing economy. Here, Manon wants to remind innovators that access is not just a design issue, but also a financial and legal one. ‘If you choose a lease model for your circular business, for example, this has effects on your balance sheet, since you will remain the owner of the products. This can also have legal implications, for example for safety or maintenance.’
4. Pick the right business model.
Once you have your circular product or service designed, it’s important to think about the business model you will test and implement. Remember that in a circular economy, growth is linked to the creation of value, and not the consumption of resources. Manon suggests asking questions like: ‘How will you generate revenues? Who are your customers? Who benefits from your solution (for example by avoiding costs of waste disposal)? How will you recover the product or materials you use?’
Here are five business models for a circular economy (from OECD 2018) to help you get started:
- Circular supply models replace traditional material inputs derived from virgin resources with bio-based, renewable, or recovered materials, reducing demand for virgin resource extraction in the long run.
- Resource recovery models recycle waste into secondary raw materials, thereby diverting waste from final disposal while also displacing the extraction and processing of virgin natural resources.
- Product life extension models extend the use period of existing products, slow the flow of constituent materials through the economy, and reduce the rate of resource extraction and waste generation.
- Sharing models facilitate the sharing of under-utilised products, and can therefore reduce demand for new products and their embedded raw materials.
- Product service system models, where services rather than products are marketed, improve incentives for green product design and more efficient product use, thereby promoting a more sparing use of natural resources.
5. Don’t reinvent the wheel.
The final tip from Manon is a reminder to leave your ego at the door. The circular economy will not be built by one, but by many. ‘You may have a great idea, a wonderful design, an entrepreneurial solution—but don’t forget to look around for information from the sector and other businesses. Successful or failed, you can learn from both.’ Supportive ecosystems like Impact Hub Amsterdam can offer you a treasure trove of resources, and all the help you need to make your startup investment-ready. Manon notes that their first accelerator programme on the topic of circularity took place nearly a decade ago, in 2013. ‘Some great examples of companies we have worked with in the past are Closing the Loop, MudJeans, FairPhone and Sustainer Homes. I think they are leaders in their sectors and show what is possible.’ Other useful sources from across the globe include the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Metabolic, Circle Economy, ACEN, PACE, and Groene Brein. In places like these, you can find sector reports, you can find local circular business networks or examples of similar businesses. ‘This way you can leap forward, and not reinvent the wheel,’ says Manon.
‘Don’t forget to look around for information from the sector and other businesses. Successful or failed, you can learn from both.’
Lessons from the No Waste Challenge
Over the last six months, Manon has been putting these tips into practice together with the 16 winners of the No Waste Challenge, a global competition initiated by What Design Can Do and the IKEA Foundation. Among the teams who participated in the development programme are designers and entrepreneurs from 9 different countries, with various backgrounds and ambitions. The programme focused on supporting them with the skills they need to make their projects a success – from building a supply chain to networking and marketing. This 10 February, the winners will be presenting their progress during the No Waste Challenge Demo Day, which will be available for all to watch via livestream.
Participants at the No Waste Challenge bootcamp. Photo by Leo Veger.
A training session during the No Waste Challenge bootcamp. Photo by Mark Klaverstijn.
‘We are proud to partner with What Design Can Do as part of our circular economy ecosystem, because design plays a key role in the development of a circular economy,’ says Manon of the collaboration. ‘Design can influence how we look at things in our daily lives, how we think about things and what we value.’ Moving forward, she is optimistic about the impact that the creative sector can bring. ‘I think creative entrepreneurs have a great opportunity to play a role in this big transition, this big shift we need towards a sustainable future. Now more than ever, people around the globe are convinced that we need this transformation, and are open for innovation and collaboration. So this is a great moment to get on board and make a difference.’
As for parting words? ‘Find people to learn from and collaborate with, usually people are willing to share knowledge and network, and give feedback,’ she says. ‘There are many networks and acceleration programs for impact entrepreneurs. Either find those who use a circular economy lens, or make a push for it and help them make a shift towards circularity. And always feel free to reach out to an Impact Hub in your region.’
Top image courtesy of Manon Klein. Photo by David Meulenbeld.